Computer power supply, cooling and protection

• The power supply unit supplies power to the different system components such as the motherboard and the device drives.
• The power supply unit converts AC current to DC current and supplies it to the system.
• The different form factors of the power supply unit are PC/XT, AT, Baby AT, LPX, ATX (NLX), SFX, and WTX.
• The different type of power supply are Linear Power Supply and Switch Mode Power Supply.
• A power supply unit consists of different components such as power switches, power connectors, and the power supply fan.
• The drive coolers, bay colors, fans and heat sinks are used for cooling the system.
• The non operating temperature of the hard disk ranges between -40 degree celsius to 70 celsius.
• The fans placed inside the system case are responsible for cooling the system.
• The different type of cooling systems fare Fans and Heat Sinks.
• The various power related problem are black out. brown out, spikes and surges.
• An UPS is a device which maintains a continuous supply of electric power to connected equipment by supplying power from a battery when utility power is not available.
• The features of  a UPS are determined by its form factor, capacity and run time, power conditioning, self-test and automatic shutdown.
• There are only two categories of a UPS the stand-alone model, and rack-mount mode.
• The different  of UPS are standby UPS, line-interactive UPS, and online UPS.
• The factors to be considered while selecting an UPS are load, installation location, cooling, batteries, and efficiency.
• SMPS is an electronic power supply unit which uses internal control circuit that switches load current to stabilize the output voltage.
• The SMPS consists of Primary Rectifier, Primary Filter, Switching Transistor, Secondary Transformer , Secondary Rectifier, Secondary Filter, Pulse Width Modulator, Driver Transistor and Driver Transformer, Output Section and Power Good Signal.
• The components of SMPS are Switch Mode ( chopper) Transistors and other Semiconductors, Capacitor, NTC thermistors, Transformers and inductors, and Fans.
• The functional ICs used in SMPS are IC TL 494 and IC LM 339.
• Troubleshooting the power supply problems in also an essential task for the maintaining the system.